Syngas Conditioning and Decarbonisation: Design, Footprints, Safety and Emissions Criteria from Project Experience

Net Zero ambition can be realised by sustainable energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables such as Syngas that is derived from scalable Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) gasification units (350 ~ 600 ktpa) to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) or other products.

This presentation defines opportunities for purification, decarbonisation and NOx abatement of Syngas facilities. The Syngas post MSW gasification is cooled via Heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) for further removal of particulates, inorganic species and quenching followed by Compression via steam turbine driver. The Syngas quality is enhanced in Water Shift reactor followed by Acid gases removal using Hydrolysis Reactor and Absorber column employing formulated amine that has higher acid gas loading capacity and mass transfer kinetics to achieve deep removal of both CO2 and H2S that are detrimental to Fischer-Tropsch (FT) Catalyst. The traces of contaminants are removed in Adsorbent beds prior to conversion of Syngas to Hydrocarbon liquids in FT unit and product upgrading is achieved in Hydrocracking and Fractionation unit to enable SAF production. The acid gas (CO2/H2S) is compressed to intermediate pressure for Sulphur removal via redox process and dehydration through adsorbent media. The conditioned CO2 is fiscally metered and piped for sequestration whereas sulphur cake is disposed of via trucks. The aforementioned Syngas to SAF process enables efficient decarbonisation with inherent safety, minimum footprints, reduced life cycle cost, lower GHG and NOx emissions.